Anatomy
Syllabus

  1. Basic inorganic chemistry review
    1. atoms, molecules, compounds, bonding
    2. pH, acids, bases, salts
  2. Basic organic chemistry review
    1. Macromolecules, proteins, enzymes, DNA, RNA, lipids, carbohydrates

  1. Cell types, organelles, structure and function
  2. Cellular transport, communication, reproduction
  3. Cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, stem cells, cancer

  1. Tissue types and functions, characteristics, practical exam
  2. Microscopy

  1. Receptors: touch, pressure, nociceptors, chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors,
  2. Structure, functions, accessory organs (hair, nails, glands)
  3. Burns, wound healing, skin cancer

  1. Types of bone
  2. Bones and bone markings, practical exam
  3. Osteogenesis, bone growth and remodeling
  4. Fractures, healing, pathology
  5. Articulations

  1. Types and names of muscles, shapes, structure and function
  2. The sarcomere, excitation-contraction-coupling-relaxation
  3. Epimysium, perimysium, endomysium
  4. Graphical analysis of muscle contraction (smooth, cardiac, skeletal)
  5. Length-tension relationship, twitch, wave summation, tetanus
  6. Energy use in the muscle, short-term, intermediate, and long-term energy supply and demand
  7. Types of contractions, concentric, eccentric, isotonic, isometric
  8. Pathology

  1. Types of neurons and support cells
  2. Neuron action potentials
  3. Epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium (fiber size)
  4. Recruitment, nerve impulse velocity (myelinated vs unmyelinated)
  5. Brain structure and function, sheep brain practical exam
  6. Memory, emotion, and learning
  7. Cranial and spinal nerves
  8. Somatic and autonomic divisions of the nervous system
  9. Sympathetic and parasympathetic control
  10. Spinal cord, nerves, reflexes
  11. Pathology

  1. Hypothalamic, anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary hormones
  2. Endocrine glands through cat dissection
  3. Feedback mechanisms
  4. Pathology

  1. Basic hematology – plasma and cellular components
  2. Hemostasis, Hematopoiesis,
  3. Hemoglobin production, iron cycle, oxygen transport
  4. Microscopy, blood cell identification
  5. Blood groupings

  1. The heart, structure, function, sheep heart practical exam
  2. Regulation of cardiovascular system, cardiac conduction system
  3. EKG, normal vs abnormal rhythms
  4. Blood Pressure Determinations,
  5. Peripheral circulation, blood vessel names and identification, through cat dissection
  6. Special circulations, hepatic portal, fetal, and Circle of Willis through cat dissection

  1. Lymphatic organs structure and function through cat dissection
  2. Nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms through cat dissection
  3. Hypersensitivity and tissue rejection through cat dissection
  4. HIV and AIDS

  1. General plan of the alimentary canal
  2. Organs of digestion
  3. Application of macromolecule breakdown, absorption, and biosynthesis
  4. Metabolism and nutrition

  1. Pulmonary anatomy
  2. Mechanics of breathing
  3. Measurement of pulmonary function
  4. Control of breathing
  5. Gas laws and gas exchange
  6. Gas transport mechanisms

  1. Anatomy of urinary system structure and function
  2. The nephron
  3. Urine formation and control
  4. Composition of urine
  5. Pathology
  6. Micturition

  1. General terminology
  2. Hormonal control of male and female reproductive systems continued from the Endocrine system
  3. Male reproductive system
  4. Female reproductive system
  5. Fetal Development

  1. Comprehensive structure and function of all body systems and their interactions
  2. Creation of a photographic portfolio of all required criteria with structures, functions, and descriptions
  3. Comprehensive research and completion of narrative responses to questions concerning Felis catus silvestris
  4. Successful completion and mastery of group collaboration and individual portions of the overall project

 

What is Anatomy? Anatomy is the branch of biology that studies the structure of living organisms. In the context of human anatomy, it focuses on the structure of the human body and its organs. This includes the study of tissues, organs, and organ systems, as well as their functions and relationships with each other.

Importance of Anatomy in Healthcare Anatomy is essential in healthcare for several reasons:

  1. Diagnostic and Surgical Precision: Understanding anatomy is crucial for accurate diagnosis and surgical procedures. Surgeons must have a detailed knowledge of the body’s anatomy to perform surgeries safely and effectively.

  2. Treatment Planning: Healthcare professionals use their knowledge of anatomy to develop treatment plans for patients. For example, physical therapists use anatomy to design exercises that target specific muscles and improve mobility.

  3. Patient Education: Anatomy is often used to educate patients about their bodies and medical conditions. By understanding their anatomy, patients can better understand their health and treatment options.

  4. Research and Innovation: Anatomy plays a crucial role in medical research and innovation. Researchers use anatomical knowledge to study disease processes, develop new treatments, and improve healthcare outcomes. performing a complex procedure, a solid understanding of anatomy is essential.

Relevance of Anatomy in Different Medical Fields Anatomy is relevant in various medical fields, including:

  • Surgery: Surgeons rely on their knowledge of anatomy to perform procedures safely and effectively.
  • Physiotherapy: Physiotherapists use anatomy to understand how the body moves and to design treatment plans for patients.
  • Radiology: Radiologists use anatomy to interpret imaging studies, such as X-rays and CT scans, and to identify abnormalities.
  • Emergency Medicine: Emergency medicine physicians use anatomy to quickly assess and treat traumatic injuries.
  • Pathology: Pathologists use anatomy to study diseased tissues and organs to diagnose medical conditions.